Method of knitting selvaged fabrics.



R. W. SCOTT.

METHOD 0F KNITTING SELVAGED FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED. im 1913.

l 094347 l Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

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R. W. SCOTT.

METHOD 0F KNITTING SELVAGBD FABRICS. APPLIGATIONLILED 0011.21, 1913.

1,094,347., Patented A111121, 1914.

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Z ,0W-970.220 z rb 7@ UNITEDI STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT W. SCOTT, 0F IIBOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO SCOTT & WILLIAMS,

INCORPORATED, orcAMDEN, NEW JERSEY,

ACORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

METHOD OF KNITTING SELVAGED FABRICS.

Continuation in part of application Serial No. 748,308, filed February 14, 1913. This application led October 21, 1913. Serial No. 796,524.

knitting, for instance upon a series of like instruments, bare of previously formed fabric, in such a'manner as to secure the certain starting of aknit Wale at each of the instruments at the beginning of the fabric to be knit, and in such a manner as to secure the formation of a selvage or fast edge at the initial or priinai'y end of the fabric to be knit, which fabric may be a flat or tubular article, blank or section. The structure at `the beginning of the said fabric may be the same structure'as that shown in Figure 2 of my Patent No. 1,045,621, dated November 26, 11912, or any structure of the genus of which the said figure shows one species.`

`My inventionl further comprises the method andsteps of the methodof manipulating a yarn or yarns with respect t0 instruments upon which loops may be formed, in order to secure the formation of structures of the genus illustrated in. my said patent with improved certainty in the operation of the instruments and formation of the fabric. In the accompanying drawings,-Fig. 1 is an elevation showing in diagram the fabric of my said patent, the illustration comprising a fragment only of the first few courses; Fig. 2 .is a diagram in plan showing the beginning and the end of the starting course; Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 2 showing the beginning and end of the neXt course; Fig. 4 is a view illustrating one use in which my new method is of great advantage; Fig. 5 is a perspective showing the beginning and end of the starting course and beginning of a next course formedaccording to my method with respect to a series of latch needles movable in the direction of their length; Fig; 6 isa plan View of theinstruments shown in Fig. 5, showing the yarn in the position given to it during the starting course; Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the position of the yarn with respect to the instruments during ther next course; Fig. 8 is a diagram cross section with respect to the instruments shown in Fig. 5, illustrating the stresses upon the yarn at and to the left of the plane 8-8 of Fig. 5; Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 taken at the plane -9-9; Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the movement of certain instruments employed when practising my method upon a machine of a certain' type. V

In my said Patent No. 1,045,621, I described a method of forming'a selvaged fabric comprising first feeding -the lmitting and stresses and restraints laid upon the yarn with respect to its point of contact with the instruments for knitting,by virtue of which the yarn will be positioned to form the structure of said patent-inevitably, when the usual knitting operations are also performed; and by reason of which the instruments are aided to begin normal knitting. My said method is susceptible of being cariied out' with respect toa series of instruments, one for each wale of the'fabric to be produced, of any character at pres'ntknown in the art; for instance only, upon instruments comprising latch needles or spring beard needles, which said instruments may either be fixed in their mounting or carrier,

the yarn for the knitting operationproperv Patentea'npr. 21, 1914.

REISSUED being moved with respect to the hook end y of the needles; or which instruments may l be mounted to be longitudinally movable with respect totheincarrier, the knit ing.

operation being performed by movements'of the instruments with respect to the yarn.

yThe instruments employed may be arranged in an evenly-spaced series, the series o ccupying a complete circle or the said -mstruments may comprise tvvo lines or rows loops at each of the instruments of a machine, or of a series of implements operated by hand at will, and it will be understood that my method is independent of any particular machine or set of implements, so long as the instruments employed in its practice are capable of holding the loops of which the forming fabric is composed during the performance of the operations essential to its practice.

Referringnow to Figs. 2 and 3, I maybegin the operation by applying yarn for a starting course 1 to alternate instruments shown as those bearing the odd numbers in the series n1 to 12.22 and indicated in Fig. 2 at fm2-n3, a5 to am, it being assumed for the present that the instruments are hooked needles arranged in a circle, containing 220 needles, upon which knitting is to proceed successively from right to left of the segment illustrated conventionally as a straight line of needles.

v'When I mention applying yarn for a starting course, it is not to be understood that said yarn is necessarily the first yarn applied to the needles for the formation of the ensuing section of fabric. I may, for instance, lay one or several runs of yarn upon the needles -before beginning the operations.

described for the starting course, in which case the said yarns form no permanent part of the fabric, not being bound into the knit structure; or I may cause the yarn to be a-rrangedv upon the instruments in the path described for the starting course 1 during'several passages of the feed point with respect to all of the needles, in which case', if the n eedles arenot being moved as when knittlng the said starting course will be doubled or multiplied, but otherwise be as shown. In case` however, of such multiple or double feeding. if theneedle's takingthe yarn up to this time are operated, as by normally advancing and retracting them at each paslsage of the feed point, only the last-taken yarn will be retained in the hooks of the needles taking` it, that is to say'the oddnumbered needles as instanced, to constitute the course referred to as starting course 1. I prefer, however, to lay the startingstruments to receive yarn, and thereafter cast ofi' the yarn from some of them, so as to secure the same result of a course of yarn applied to recurrent instruments only. The yarn so applied to the said recurrent instruments will now be caused at the location of the intervening instruments to tend to pass toward the backs of said intervening instruments.

In the case of independently movable latch needles, as illustrated in Fig. 5, yarn of the course 1 may, for instance, be applied by causing it to be taken in the hooks of the needles n1, n3, etc., to um, as illustrated in said figure, by moving the needles with respect to a guide or source of yarn, not shown, so as to cause the hooks of the odd numbered needles to receive the yarn. In order to cause the yarn to pass toward the backs of the intervening needles, stresses are applied to the yarn after or during the action of the needles to take it, and particularly stresses in the direction indicated by the arrows m, Figs. 5 and 6, at the points indicated by said arrows and restraint against movement withl the needles in either direction is caused to be applied to the said yarn at the poin-ts indicated by the arrows y, for the purposes respectively of moving the yarn through a limited distance in the direction of said arrows m when it is free to move, of holding the yarn firmly against the faces of 'the needles after said movement shall have been made, and for preventing any considerable movement of the said yarn in the directions like or opposite to those indicated by the said arrows y. In the case of the stresses indicated by the arrows m movement is implied in the sense that the yarn shall be caused to move to theposition indicated in Figs. 5 and 6, before the cessation of the strain upon it, whenever it is Vfree so to move, and in the case of the restraint at the points y, movement is not necessarily implied, mere resistance against displacement in either direction being sufficient when the operation is carried outby instruments o1' needles moving inthe directionl of their own length. But it will be understood that my invention comprises as well equivalent operations involving the bodily movement of the yarn with respect to or upon stationary needles or instruments, and in that case the restraint upon the yarn in either direction in the plane of or at the points represented by' the arrows may consist of confinement of the yarn at those points to movement in a certain path with respect to the instrument n, so far as movement in or parallel to the plane of the instruments is concerned. In the particular case of independently movable instruments, such as those of Fig. 5, I may therefore first feed the yarn as explained above to alternate needlesof the odd-numbered series, and then cause it t moveJ when free to" move, through limited distances in the directio-ns and at the points represented by thearrows w, and prevent it from moving at points between the needles through any substantial distance with respect to the needles in directions like or opposite to the arrows y.'

To freely permit the movements as, I may cause the even-numbered needles n2 to um to'approach the region at which the stress resulting in said yarn movements isgiven upon a path too low to encounter the yarn between two adjacent needles of the oddnumbered series. Thus, in Fig.v 5, needle 72.22 is'shown in such a position, with respect to the needles nl and am flanking it. But it will be clear that, if desired, the evennumbered needles, so long'as the yarn has` not entered their hooks, might be retracted after tho-se of the odd-numbered series have taken yarn, to bring their heads out ofthe path of the yarn extending between the oddnumbered needles, during maintenance -of the stress in the direction of the arrows all with the same eifect of thrusting the run of yarn behind the even-numbered instruments and holding it against the faces of the odd-numbered instruments. The instruments of the even-numbered series n2, n4, etc., to '11,220 are now caused to move upward vin succession through the plane defined by the y'arn shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. l, upon a circle aof needles, I' so select the needlesto receive the yarn, in relation to those which do not receive it, as to cause the end of the circle of the first course to be reached without altering the relation of the. needles which receive and those which do not re ceive the yarn. This happens when the recurrent needles taking the yarn are of a number evenly divisible into the whole number of needles. If any other number of kneedles sho-uid be providedin the circle, or

any other number should be selected to receive the yarn of the starting course, at some point ,in the circle either adjacent needles would take the yarn, or adjacent needles would miss the yarn, in oase of the one-and-one alternation specifically shown in Figs.v l andQ. In any case the certain starting of all of the knit wales would be endangered, at the point where the first course begins and ends, by the production of an irregular engagement or relation of the yarn to the needles at that point, resultinT in two or more adjacent needles casting o either the first or the second course in common, thus preventing the arrangement throughout the circle of the course following the starting course alternately o-r recur-l rently in groups of stitches respectively drawn to opposite sides of the starting course. A preferable selection of numbers is that shown in which the whole circle of needles is an even number, and the number selected to receive the yarn at starting is half that number.

Instruments of many different kinds for placing yhrn under lateral stress and for restraining yarns from following vertical impulses are well known in the prior art, for instance independently movable webholders such as those shown at W having hooks w and throats Iw', the position of the webholders in respect to the needles,vwhen they are exerting stress and restraint upon the yarn, being indicated in Figs. 8 and 9. I may employ such instruments in practising my method, causing their movements, in the case ofvmachine operation, to be eifective in a ltimely manner to cause the stress and restraint upon the yarn to occur with respect to the knitting or loop-forming movements of the remaining instruments at the times necessary to carry out -the order of procedure comprised in my present inven# tion.

I have indicatedV by arrows e, e, the with` drawal ofany restraint upon the yarn in the direction of said arrows at t-he points indicated. This withdrawal of restraint may be secured by causing the recession of the hooks w of web-holders Wat this point in the operation; for instance in -the case of av machine t-he web-.holder hooks w may be withdrawn after the needles have accomplished a preliminary descent and have taken yarn, and may then be reinserted shortly after the needles have reached lthe point of their maximum withdrawal into theircarriers. For instance, Fig. 10 shows in diagram at292 a 'path of movement for web-holders W' in conjunction with paths f of movement (arbitrarily vshown in thesame plane) N1 and N21 for the heads or hook ends of the odd-numbered and'even-numbered needles respectively, the line -P indicating the knocking-over plane of the machine devices. The area R represents a 11e-- fla-rrows .e is permissive only, and such Withdrawal forms no part of the necessary oper# ations. I may, however, take advantage of the area in the field of operations represented by the location of the area R when I use the independently movable webholders IV for giving a Withdrawal-movement to the said instruments, in order to permit the new yarn being taken by the needles to come to rest at the knocking-over plane P defined by the surfaces 102 of said Webholders, for instance by mechanism such as that of my said application.

The stresses upon the yarn in the direc* tions :c may be maintained at all points in the series of needles during the laying of the starting course 1 in the manner indicated, but I do not regard this as essential, so long as the stresses are maintained in this direction at that point at which the still active instruments 4 of the intervening (even-numbered)`l series lare passing upwardlythrough the plane defined by the points of contact with theyarn of the remaining instruments.

This will be made plain by reference to Figs. v

2, 0 and 10, it being borne in mind that one purpose of the operation so far is to secure the threading of the yarn of-the starting course alternately'in front of and behind the hooked instruments upon which knitting' is to be started, and the sure retention of '.he yarn in the hooks of the instruments Which have taken it. The said point in the operation in the described instance is that indicated in Fig. 5 at the region of the needle 72,22", which has begun to move upward as indicated in said figure, and willin due course reach thc same position as the needle am. After the needles shall have reached this position they may remain at rest during the remainder of the course 1. This point upon Fig. 10 is at and near the second or following intersection of the plane P and the paths N1, N2.

In case my method is practised With the aid of a machine having independently movable webholders, the maintenance of stress in the direction of the, arrows :c is consistent Withthe usual function of the said webholders at a later time in the operation, in

a manner and for a purpose Well known in the art and I may maintain such instruments for instance as the Webholders W, in the position shown in Fig. S from a point to the right of the needle n2@ in Fig. 5

lthroughout the laying of the first course,

and until the needles have been again given a movement of projection, for instance to pernit them to rise to clear their latches prior to taking yarn for the second course. The inward position of the webholders duringgthis movement of projection will not alter the stress in the direction of the arrows m, and such movement in connection With the needles rising for this purpose is an Old function of such Webholders, familiar to those skilled in this art, having for its purpose the retention of the last course of previously knit fabric on the needles at the level defined by the webholders during the upward or advancing movement of the needles. The operation so far has produced the results 'shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6. To complete the first courses of the`selvage structure shown` in Fig. 1 and in my said Patent No. 1,045,621, I now feed the next course 2 to all of the needles; or in the case of other species of said structure, to the needles holding the starting course and to some of the other needles. The purpose of this operation is to secure the interloopment of4 -in Fig. 3 and at the left hand side of Fig.

r. lVhen the instruments involved are latch needles, I provide that tho-se parts of the course 1 which lie in front of or on the hook side of the needles shall certainly pass outside of the closing latches When the needles descend with the new yarn in their hooks. Otherwise the said loop of course 1 may pass over the end of the open latch and enter the hook of the needle together with the yarn of course 2 and delay the initiation of knitting; or the loop of course 1 may extend so far in front of the descending needle as to encounter neither the open end` of the latch nor the hook, and thus pass freely over the head of the needle, thus preventing a beginning of knitting. In the case of an independently movable needle, Which having risen to take yarn is about to be withdrawn into its carrier, I findit therefore important to maintain the yarn of the starting course under stress against the face of the needle during the initial part of its retracting movement, or until the yarn has landed safely under the depending open end of the lat-ch in the case of a latch needle, or over the closed spring beard in the case of a spring beard needle. I therefore maintain the stress in the direction of the arrows m, in the direction and at the location of the arrows m2, shown in Figs. 5

the new yarn of course 2 with the hook of the needle. In practising my method by a latch needle machine, for instance the ma chine of 'my said application No. 700,401, I may permit the preliminary descent of the needle to land its latch over the bight or loop ofthe first course before the hook of the needle encounters the new yarn. When practising my method-in connection with spring needles. I apply the new yarn under the hooks or beards of the needles before this preliminary descent (or equivalent lifting movement of the old loop) during which movement the beards. will be pressed, permitting the inal part of the relative movement between the yarn-loop and needlehook to cause the loop to belanded over the closed beard. The -maintenance of stress at this st-age'of the operation is equally important when fabric is being formed by manipulating the yarn on a fixed row of needles. The relative movement to be made between t-he needle and the yarn'loopupon it at this time in any case is one of approach between the loop and the hook-end of the needle, the function to be performed being the adjustment of the po-int of contact of the yarn loop upon the needle to a position from which Ifurther movement in lthe salme direction of either needle or yarn will free or cast ofi'A the old loop with certainty.v This position ofthe point of contact upon a latch needle is that above stated at which the loop rests snugly against the shank of the needle, under and beneath the open or partly open latch. The similar posit-ion -upon a spring needle is that at which the loop is landed over and rests snugly upon the outer face of theneedle-beard. Stress upon the loop in the direction m2 at this time may thus perform in the case of the initial course the function vperformed during normal knitting by the tension of the previously formed fabric, of which the initial or first few courses s of a newly' begun Stress or realone will be inoperative with any certainty,

failing of any tendency to hold the loop against the needle. After this point the -maintenance of stress in the direction of the `by a machine employing web-holders by now withdrawing the web-holders at the relative location of the area R of-Fig. 10,

for the purpose explained above. With respect to course 2 and the later courses,- stresses in the direction of and at the location of the arrows m and wz are not detrimental to the purposes for which webholders are commonly employed in independent needle knitting machines, the effect of these stresses being merely to extend the relative area of active stress upon the last courseknit, and by this means to increase the relative number of loops held from following the movement of the needles during nor mal knitting. l

While the advantages of my method will be obvious, I have shown in Fig. 4 the particular application thereof to the manufacture of a fabric in which it is not only desirable but requisite that knitting should be started at every Wale with certainty. In this case the selvagev structure of my said Patent No. .1,045,621, comprising courses 1 and. 2 is employed at xthe beginning of a welt of plain fabric, one end of which is desired to be attached at a later time in the operation to its other end and to another continuous extent of fabric, for instance forming the leg of a stocking. For this purpose the loops of the second pr a later course'takenat the even-numbered needles are withheld during the knitting of fabric for the Welt,

and not cast off until suiicient fabric has been knitv for 'the welt. The failure' of either the odd or the even-numbered series ofv needles to initiate knitting inany Wale obviously will prevent any utility in the resulting article. l

By the practice of the'method above described by laying the starting and a following course, I am enabled to secure very eficient operation of t-he machine devices usually employed even when knitting With refractory yarns at a high speed.

By the application of the stresses, and placing the yarn under restraint in the manner indicated, I thus cause the operation of.

the familiar knitting instruments noticed tobe begun withl certainty under" conditions regarded as diiicult by those skilled in knitting upon such instruments.

Ido not herein claim the fabric structure described in 'connection with Fig. 4 which forms a part of the subject matter of my ap. plication `Serial No. 748,308, (Letters Patent No. 1,07 9,267 dated November` 18, 1913), filed February 14, 1913, of which application the present application is a continuation in art. p What I claim is ,y i l. The art of knitting fabric on a series ofv hooked instruments 'comprising 4 the steps, causing a starting course of', yarn to lie against the hookedfaces of certain of' said instruments, placing said yarn under stress toward said faces, and then causing relativev movement between sald yarn vand other of said instruments during.

maintenance of said stress whereby the said yarn rests on the faces of said certain instruments and passes behind said other instruments.

2. The art of knitting fabric on a series of hooked instruments comprising the steps, causing a run of yarn to lie against the hooked faces of some of said instruments, maintaining said yarn under stress in a direction toward said faces, then causing relative movement between said yarn and other of said instruments during maintenance o f said stress whereby said yarn passes behind said other instruments; then laying a next run of yarn against the instruments, and then casting off the first-mentioned run on to the next run of yarn, whereby said-next run is drawn into loopsv passing on either side of the first-mentioned run of yarn; and then knitting in the usual manner at said instruments. f

3. The art of knitting fabric on a series of hooked instruments comprising the steps, laying yarn in the hooks of some ofthe instruments, maintaining said yarn under stress in a'direetion toward said hooks tending to cause the yarn to pass toward the back of the intervening instruments, arranging the point of contact of the yarn with the instruments upon which it is held during the maintenance of said stress' in a position to secure casting off upon relative movement between the instruments and the yarn; laying another run of yarn against the instruments, and then casting off the firstmentioned run, whereby said other run of vyarn is drawn into loops passing reeurrently tioning the loops of said starting run be? tween the faces of the needles and the points of their open latches while maintaining said stress. v

5. The method of knitting upon previously bare instruments fabric having an initial selvage, which consists in supplying a Starthig run of yarn to. the faces of reeurring members only of a series of such instruments while said instruments are in a position of advance to receive said yarn, then placing said run of yarn under stress tending to cause it to pass toward the backs of said instruments during the movement defined by the yarn on said recurring instruments, supplying a next run of yarn to said recurring and'to other of said instruments, then casting olf the starting run'of yarn, and thereafter knitting fabric in the usual manner upon all of the instruments so faremployed. l

6. Thejiart of knitting fabric on a series of hooked instruments comprising the steps, laying yarn in the hooks of some of said instruments, maintaining said yarn under stress in a direction toward said hooks during relative movement between said yarn and other of said instruments' to cause said yarn to pass behind said other instruments;l

`feeding an initial run of yarn to recurring' needles only of a series :of needles having hooks, then placing said yarn under stress in a direction toward said hooks, then causing relative movement between saidy yarn and the intervening needles during maintenance of said stress, whereby the said yarn passes behind said intervening needles, then laying a second run of yarn in the hooks-of each of said recurring needles and of other needles of theserie's, then casting off the run of yarn upon each of the needles to draw said second initial run of yarn and retaining the second run into loops passing at each side of the initial run of yarn, and

thereafter knitting successive courses ofl fabric having wales initiated at each of said loops. i l

V8. The method of knitting upon previously bare instruments fabric having an initial selvage which consists in supplying an initial run of yarn rto the faces of recurring members only of a series of such instruments while said instruments are in a position of advance to receive said yarn, maintaining i said run of yarn under stress tending to Vcause it to pass toward the backs of said instruments during the movement of all of the instruments to a position to receive the yarn and during movement of-'the instruments to a position from which further movement will cast off the loops upon said re-` eurring instruments', supplying a second run of yarn to said instruments, casting ofi' the initial run of yarn, and thereafterknitting a normal and following courses of fabric beginning at the loops of said second.' run of yarn.

9. The art ofknitting fabric on a series of hooked instruments comprising the steps,

y yarn, during the maintenance of Vsaid stress;

then causing relative movement between the yarn and said instruments, to cause the yarn on and the hooked end of the instruments to be separated; then causing relative inove-v ment between said yarn and said instru` ments in the opposite direction, during the maintenance of said stress; thereafter applying' yarn for a next course to theliooks of all of said instruments; then causing the relative movement o f the yarn upon said in,

struments toward and over the hooked end thereof to cast olf the first course; and thereafter knitting in the usual manner atsaid instruments.

10. The art of knitting fabrics having a fast edge upon a series of previously bare latch needles comprising` first laying a first run or course of yarn into the hooks of re current needles only, then placing the yarn u nder stress in a direction substantially at right angles to the series of needles, then i causing relative movement between the rims of yarn joining said recurrent needles and needles intervening between said recurrent needles, during maintenance of said stress, whereby the yarn is passed behind the intervening and held upon the faces of the recurrent instruments; then causing a relative movement of separation between the hooks of the needles and the yarn upon them,l to clear the latches of said recurrent needles through the loops, followed by av relative movement of approach during the continuance of stress upon the yarn to land the open latches over the loops, and thereafter laying a second run of yarn in the hooks of all the needles, then casting off the first course, and thereafter knitting successive-courses at all of the instruments.

11. The art of knitting tubular seamless fabrics on an endless series of hooked in struments comprising the formation of a self vage by causing a yarn to lie in succession in one direction against the hooked faces of said instruments, placing the said yarn un-l der stress toward said faces and causing relative movementbetween the said yarny and other of said instruments, whereby said vyarn passes behind the backs of said'other the first-mentioned run of yarn while retaining said nex't run 'of yarn in the hooks of each of said instruments; and thereafter vknitting circular courses upon said instruments,

12.` The art of knittingtubular fabric on acircle of needles comprising causing a starting course of yarn to lie in succession infone direction in engagement with recurrent needles only among the others whose number is evenly divisible into the whole of needles, beginning at a cert-ain needle, and encircling all the needles, then causing 'a next course to be engaged with needles including needles lintervening between said recurrent needles, beginning ata needle next to said certain needle, and thereafter casting ofi said starting course and then knitting successivelyin the same direction acourse containing stitches at each of the needles previously engaged by the' yarn, and a plurality of like following courses.

13. The art of knitting tubular fabric on a circle of needles comprising causing a starting course of yarn to lie in succession in one direction in engagement with alternate needles only among the others whose number is evenly divisible into the Whole number of needles beginning at a certain needle, and encircling all the needles, then causing a next course to be engaged with all the needles, beginning at the'needle next beyond said certain needle, and thereafter casting off said startingcourse, .and then knitting successively in the same direction a course con'- taining stitches at each of the needles, and a plurality of like following courses.

14. The art of knitting tubular fabric on a circle 'of needles comprising causing a starting course of\yarn to lie completely around the circle of the needles in engagement with certain only of saidneedles, plac ing said yarn under stress toward ,the faces of the needles during relative movement between said yarn and other of said needles,

whereby the varn passes behind said othertubular fabric consisting'of like courses folf lowing a course Ahaving stitches drawn through each of said loops.

15. The art of knitting tubular fabric having a fast edge or selvage upona circle of needles comprising forming of the knitting yarn a starting course extending completely around the circle of needles and engaging recurrent needles only, beginning with a certain needle, the operation including placing said yarn under stress toward the faces of said recurrent needles and causing relative movement between the yarn and said other needles, whereby the yarn passesbehind said other needles, thenforminga next complete In 'testimony whereof, have signed my name to vthis specification 1n thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

v ROBERT W. SCOTT. itnesses M. G. CROZIER, MARY F. GRIFFIN.

circular course of said yarn beginning at said certain needle and comprising loops drawn recurrently to each side of said startl ing course, and thereafter knitting of said j yarn tubular fabric consisting of like courses I following a course having stitches drawn through each of said loops. 

